গত সেপ্টেম্বর ২০১০ মাসে International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) কর্তৃক Conceptual Framework for Financial Reporting ইস্যু করা হয়, যা মার্চ ২০১৮ মাসে সংশোধন করা হয়।
Conceptual Framework কি?
The Conceptual Framework for Financial Reporting (Conceptual Framework) describes the objective of, and the concepts for, general purpose financial reporting. The purpose of the Conceptual Framework is to:
(a) assist the International Accounting Standards Board (Board) to develop IFRS Standards (Standards) that are based on consistent concepts;
(b) assist preparers to develop consistent accounting policies when no Standard applies to a particular transaction or other event, or when a Standard allows a choice of accounting policy; and
(c) assist all parties to understand and interpret the Standards.
Conceptual Framework এর মোট ০৮ টি অধ্যায় রয়েছে, যা নিম্নরুপঃ
1—The Objective Of General Purpose Financial Reporting Introduction
2—Qualitative Characteristics Of Useful Financial Information
3—Financial Statements And The Reporting Entity
4—The Elements Of Financial Statements
5—Recognition And Derecognition
6—Measurement
7—Presentation And Disclosure
8—Concepts Of Capital And Capital Maintenance
Qualitative Characteristics Of Useful Financial Information: ০২ ধরণেরঃ
1. Fundamental qualitative characteristics
* Relevance
* Faithful representation
2. Enhancing qualitative characteristics
* Comparability
* Verifiability
* Timeliness
* Understandability
Financial Statements এর Elements কয়টিঃ ০৫ টিঃ
1. Asset: A present economic resource controlled by the entity as a result of past events. An economic resource is a right that has the potential to produce economic benefits.
2. Liability: A present obligation of the entity to transfer an economic resource as a result of past events.
3. Equity: The residual interest in the assets of the entity after deducting all its liabilities.
4. Income: Increases in assets, or decreases in liabilities, that result in increases in equity, other than those relating to contributions from holders of equity claims.
5. Expenses: Decreases in assets, or increases in liabilities, that result in decreases in equity, other than those relating to distributions to holders of equity claims.
